Thursday, December 8, 2011

Herber Croly "The Promise of American Life"

Herber Croly
This selection is from the key chapter of The Promise of American Life, in which 
Croly synthesizes Hamiltonian and Jeffersonian viewpoints to produce the basic rationale of the new positive state: big government will control big corporations in the name of the people, thus serving the causes of democracy, equal rights, and ultimate social harmony.”
Croly was a politician who believed in democracy and begins a review of American Political ideas and practices. American political ideas mean democracy; a government that pleases the people. He gives an assertion of political theories of Alexander Hamilton and Thomas Jefferson, and compares Hamilton`s strong federal regulation with the forces of individualism by Jefferson.
Croly believed that opposition is important in politics, and it is positive. Democracy is the best way to construct a big government; defined as popular government. It makes possible equal rights and attract people to be good each other.  

Thursday, December 1, 2011

Answer the following on your blogs:


1.      Why are African-Americans supposed to be more sensitive to the gap between our inner essence and external appearance?
African Americans tend to be more sensitive because they have suffered in his flesh the need to be accepted and respected in society. They were rejected by their skin color and slaves for more than a century. Du Bois expressed his discontent in his book “The Souls of Black Folk.” Whites rejected to educate blacks to continue press them. Blacks suffered an interior conflict about their identities.


2.      Why does DuBois say the history of whites and blacks are inseparable?
Because Blacks and Whites ironically were together for years. Since 1776 Whites enslaves blacks so that they would work their land withough being paid. Whites as they were not good agriculture, brought blacks to benefit from them and so do their wealth.


3.      Why is the 'color line' the most pressing problem of the 20th century according to DuBois?
 Asian American (yellow peril) and African-Americans (blacks) were excluded from nearly every progression definition of freedom. Du Bois was so sentimental when he said that color line was more related with darker color of black skin. In addition, the United States had a racial discrimination and legalized segregation.

4.      Why the South is considered a 'marginal region'?
Jim Crow flourished in the South where institutions with signs of separation, “white” and “colored” were signaled. Marginal region refers to economic situation, blacks people in South suffer due to racism. They could not growth as workers because whites had all the power, and blacks had all disadvantages of progress.

5.      How do low wages damage the work ethic?
African Americans were condemned to work for low wages in. The fact that cities were growing up significantly, and factories were move to the South, made that rent and transportation increased. Therefore, manufacturers had been bought supplies to high cost, and a conflict started between blacks and whites.

6.      Why is the church as an institution so important in African-American
Communities?
White Christian denominations were open to enslave African Americans. So, Blacks invoked the Bible to preach justice and forgiveness even though whites stressed them out with protests. Black church focused blacks on Africans religious life. They spread their broader culture. The Souls of black folk is a book written by Bu Bois that include such important contributions as "The Negro Church” that was the first distinctively Negro American social institution.

7.      What is fatalism?
Fatalism is a word that emphasized the subjugation of all events or actions to fate. That word may be considered use to describe the fate of Africans when they were enslaved by Whites.

8.      How is fatalism associated with sensualism?
 Both are philosophical science. Fatalism is a subjugation signifying that men don’t have their proper or no power to influence the future. Sensualism is a theory of knowledge of though and sensations.

9.      How are themes of emancipation used in the Bible?
The Old Testament has been justified slavery, Exodus 21:3, 9 providing for Hebrew indentured servants, marriage rights. Exodus 21:4 provides for Hebrew daughter contracted into a marriage. However, in the New Testament slaves converted to Christianity, were regarded as freeman brothers in Christ. “By the end of the medieval period, enslavement of Christians had been largely abolished throughout Europe, although enslavement of non-Christians remained an open question. Although Catholic clergy, religious orders and even popes owned slaves, Catholic teaching began to turn towards the abolition of slavery beginning in 1435 and culminating in three major pronouncements against slavery by Pope Paul III in 1537.” (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Christian_views_on_slavery)